Beamline I511 at MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden

Beamline I511 is an undulator based soft X-ray beamline aimed at high resolution X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES - available only at the bulk endstation).

The insertion device provides horizontally polarized light in an energy range from 50 eV to ~1500 eV. The beamline serves two end stations utilizing a common modified SX-700 monochromator. A flip-mirror placed after the exit slit directs the radiation alternately into these two stations. The analysis chamber of both end stations can be rotated around the incoming beam axis allowing to choose the direction of detection freely in the plane perpendicular to the beam axis. A description of the common part of the beamline can be found here.

The beamline and the endstations have been constructed and are mainly used by a principal research team (PRT). Today, members of the PRT are the Surface and Interface Science and the Atom and Molecular Physics at Uppsala Universitet, as well as the materials physics at the KTH in Stockholm.

Beamtime is available to external users through a peer review by MAX-lab's Program Advisory Committee.

Surface endstation (I511-1)

The surface endstation (I511-1) is dedicated for measurements on clean surfaces and surface adsorbates under ultra high vacuum (UHV) conditions. The endstation is equipped with a Scienta R4000 analyzer for XPS and XAS, and a partial electron yield detector for XAS. (Surface endstation continues here.)

Bulk endstation (I511-3)

The so-called bulk end-station was built by the Soft X-ray group at the Physics Department of Uppsala University, and comprises a soft X-ray emission spectrometer (Scienta XES-350) for soft X-ray emission spectroscopy studies of non-UHV compatible systems. X-ray absorption may be measured by electron yield either using the sample current or the on-site channeltron and photon yield using the XES detector or a photodiode.

The analysis chamber spectrometer can be rotated around the synchrotron beam, not only facilitating photon-in-photon-out experiments with high energy-resolution for both incoming and outgoing photons, but also the study the angular dependence of soft X-ray scattering process. A pinhole separates the analysis chamber from the beam line allowing relaxation of UHV conditions. All in situ preparations are to be performed in the preparation chamber which is located next to the analysis chamber. (Bulk endstation continues here.)